{"id":9296348683,"title":"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil Omega-3 200ml liquid Citrus Berry","handle":"metagenics-metapure-epa-dha-liquid-200ml","description":"\u003ch3\u003e\u003cem\u003eOmega-3 From Fish Oil Highly Purified And Concentrated\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil Omega-3 200ml liquid Citrus Berry\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn healthy people, MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil has been shown to or may:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh strength, purified fish oil for omega-3.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTemporarily relieve the pain and inflammation from mild arthritis and improve mood and cognition.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaintain healthy triglyceride levels and cardiovascular function.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEasy, once a day prescribing and pleasant Citrus Berry flavour for improved compliance.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil Size: 200 mL oral liquid (47 days)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil is free from corn, dairy protein, lactose, eggs, gluten, wheat, nuts, yeast, soy protein, starches and salt. Free from artificial colours, flavours and preservatives.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso available:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/products\/metagenics-metapure-epa-dha-liquid-100ml?_pos=7\u0026amp;_sid=62e1b614a\u0026amp;_ss=r\" title=\"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 100ml Fish Oil 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\"\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 100 ml,\u003c\/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/products\/metagenics-metapure-epa-dha-liquid-500ml?_pos=9\u0026amp;_sid=62e1b614a\u0026amp;_ss=r\" title=\"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 500ml Fish Oil 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\"\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 500 ml,\u003c\/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/products\/metagenics-metapure-epa-dha-60-caps?_pos=6\u0026amp;_sid=62e1b614a\u0026amp;_ss=r\" title=\"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 60 caps Fish Oil 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\"\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 60 caps,\u003c\/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/products\/metagenics-metapure-epa-dha-120-caps?_pos=4\u0026amp;_sid=62e1b614a\u0026amp;_ss=r\" title=\"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 120 caps Fish Oil 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\"\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 120 caps,\u003c\/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/products\/metagenics-metapure-epa-dha-240-caps?_pos=5\u0026amp;_sid=62e1b614a\u0026amp;_ss=r\" title=\"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 240 caps Fish Oil 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\"\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 240 caps.\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore Information \u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003ca title=\"Metagenics Allergy \u0026amp; Reactivity Reduction Program 10% off RRP | HealthMasters Metagenics\" href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/collections\/metagenics-allergy-reactivity-reduction-program\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMetagenics Allergy \u0026amp; Reactivity Reduction Program\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c!-- TABS --\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eProduct Video\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eProduct Video: Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cstyle\u003e\u003c!--\n.embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }\n--\u003e\u003c\/style\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"embed-container\"\u003e\u003ciframe src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/266627135\" frameborder=\"0\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/iframe\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eDirections\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDirections: Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTake 4.2 mL daily with meals daily.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eUntil \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/products\/healthmasters-omega-3-test\" title=\"Omega-3 Index Test 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\"\u003eOmega-3 Index Test\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan\u003e is 8-12% then 1\/2 dose.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetaPure EPA\/DHA Capsules may be considered to assist with the maintenance of cardiovascular health.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eBenefits\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eClinical Benefits: Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eA meta-analysis of 17 randomised, controlled trials assessed the effectiveness of EPA and DHA in relieving joint pain and inflammation:\u003c\/strong\u003e The results reported a significant reduction in joint pain intensity, joint swelling, morning stiffness and the number of painful and\/or tender joints at a dose of 2.7 grams per day.\u003csup\u003e1\u003c\/sup\u003e EPA and DHA exert anti-inflammatory and pain relieving actions via the following mechanisms: - Suppression of COX-2 expression and the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1 alpha and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.5 - Inhibition of Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and reduced serum C-reactive protein levels shown in in vitro and clinical trials.\u003csup\u003e6,7,8\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e6 grams of EPA and DHA has been shown, in a randomised, placebo controlled study of 138 healthy males, to assist in the maintenance of triglycerides within the normal range.\u003c\/strong\u003e The study reported a significant difference in triglyceride levels by 32% in the group taking 2.6 g of EPA and DHA. The study indicated that there was a direct correlation between increased dosage and improved results.\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eA randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial measured the mood and cognitive effects of fish oil:\u003c\/strong\u003e After 35 days, 2.4 grams of EPA and DHA was associated with an improvement in brain functions associated with attention, particularly those involving the cortical processing. There was also a significant improvement in mood states including anger, anxiety, fatigue and confusion.\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHigh quality, purified fish oil: Metagenics Fish Oils are sourced from small, cold water fish using eco-fishing practices.\u003c\/strong\u003e The fish oil is molecularly distilled to ensure purity, stability and compliance with low levels of contaminants. In accordance with our leading stance on quality and purity, we have ensured that the fish oil concentrates are well below the Australian allowable levels of heavy metals, pesticides and solvents.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Omega-3 Fish Oil Citrus Berry flavour 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\" src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2075\/8503\/files\/Metagenics_MetaPure_EPA-DHA_ddbc162a-82f5-4709-887c-a608e60c4dec_1024x1024.jpg?v=1564022107\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eIngredients\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIngredients: Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEach 4.2mL dose contains:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eConcentrated Omega-3 triglycerides-fish\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e4.0g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEquivalent Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2.0g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEquivalent Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e800mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil is free from corn, dairy protein, lactose, eggs, gluten, wheat, nuts, yeast, soy protein, starches and salt. Free from artificial colours, flavours and preservatives.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eWarnings\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eWarnings: Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot all cautions and contraindications are listed. For full details, references or more information contact HealthMasters in Australia by email: reception@healthmasters.com.au.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlways read the label. Use only as directed. If symptoms persist consult your healthcare professional.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eCautions and Contraindications\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCautions and Contraindications: Metagenics MetaPure Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eContraindications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNone of note.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eModerate Level Cautions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAnticoagulant\/antiplatelet drugs\u003c\/strong\u003e: Clinical trials have shown high-dose fish oil omega-3 fatty acid consumption to be safe, even when concurrently administered with other agents that may increase bleeding (i.e. antiplatelet or antithrombotic medications such as aspirin and warfarin). The clinical trial evidence suggests that if such an increased bleeding risk exists, the risk is very small and not of clinical significance. For example, 6.8 g of EPA\/DHA daily for 6 months showed no adverse effects. However, it is reasonable to monitor patients treated with fish oils and anticoagulants for international normalised ratio (INR) as well as potential adverse bleeding experiences.\u003csup\u003e83,84\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBleeding disorders\u003c\/strong\u003e: Due to the anticoagulant properties of fish oils, there have been safety concerns in regards to the risk of increased bleeding tendency and postoperative bleeding. Although this theoretical possibility is not reflected functionally in human studies, it would still warrant caution in situations which carry a high risk of bleeding such as haemorrhagic stroke and postoperative events. To minimise the risk of exacerbation of these bleeding events it is recommended to discontinue use of fish oils during acute bleeding episodes, such as during and immediately after a haemorrhagic stroke, or in patients who are at high risk for haemorrhagic stroke.\u003csup\u003e85,86\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSurgery\u003c\/strong\u003e: Due to the anticoagulant properties of fish oils, there have been safety concerns in regards to the risk of increased bleeding tendency and postoperative bleeding. Although this theoretical possibility is not reflected functionally in human studies, it would still warrant caution in situations which carry a high risk of bleeding such as haemorrhagic stroke and postoperative events. To minimise the risk of exacerbation of these bleeding events it is recommended to discontinue use of fish oils 4-7 days before elective procedures which have a high risk for bleeding complications. However, consider fish oil supplementation postoperatively if there are no bleeding complications, given that supplementation may reduce the risk of thrombotic and cardiovascular events which could occur following major surgery.\u003csup\u003e87,88\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eReferences\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e82 Fish Oil. In: Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database [database on the Internet]. Stockton (CA): Therapeutic Research Faculty; 1995-2008 [cited 2017 Feb 21]. Available from: http:\/\/www.naturaldatabase.com. subscription required to view.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e83 Bays HE. Safety considerations with omega-3 fatty acid therapy. Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(6 Suppl 1):35C-43C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e84 Harris WS. Expert opinion: omega-3 fatty acids and bleeding – cause for concern? Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(6 Suppl 1):44C-46C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e85 Bays HE. Safety considerations with omega-3 fatty acid therapy. Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(6 Suppl 1):35C-43C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e86 Harris WS. Expert opinion: omega-3 fatty acids and bleeding – cause for concern? Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(6 Suppl 1):44C-46C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e87 Bays HE. Safety considerations with omega-3 fatty acid therapy. Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(6 Suppl 1):35C-43C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e88 Harris WS. Expert opinion: omega-3 fatty acids and bleeding – cause for concern? Am J Cardiol 2007;99(6 Suppl 1):44C-46C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e89 Fish Oil. In: Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database [database on the Internet]. Stockton (CA): Therapeutic Research Faculty; 1995-2008 [cited 2017 Feb 21]. Available from: http:\/\/www.naturaldatabase.com. subscription required to view.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLow Level Cautions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNone of note.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFish Oil Consumption Does Not Increase Bleeding Risk\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eby Lewis Chang, PhD\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFish oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. Increased intake of EPA and DHA is beneficial for cardiovascular health, cognitive function, mental health, maternal and child health, immunity and inflammation. EPA and DHA supplements are becoming more and more popular across a wide diversity of people; from healthy individuals to vulnerable populations with impaired health.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigher omega-3 concentrations may compete with fatty acids such as arachidonic acid for metabolizing enzymes. The interaction results in a decreased production of compounds that induce platelet aggregation and an increased production of compounds with anti-platelet properties, hence the anticoagulation benefits of omega-3. However, for patients who are under antithrombotic therapy (either with platelet aggregation inhibitors such as aspirin or anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin), the potential risk of bleeding due to the concurrent use of omega-3 fatty acids has been a concern by many clinicians, particularly surgeons.\u003csup\u003e1,2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMultiple clinical studies have been conducted to investigate whether omega-3 fatty acids pose a clinically significant bleeding risk. So far, the findings have been consistent:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 2004 Cochrane review of 48 randomized controlled trials and 41 epidemiological analyses concludes that 0.4-7 g\/day omega-3 fatty acids \u003cstrong\u003edo not result in any change in clinical bleeding manifestations\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 2007 review of 19 clinical studies involving nearly 4400 surgical patients concludes that the \u003cstrong\u003erisk for clinically significant bleeding was virtually nonexistent\u003c\/strong\u003e with the use of 1.4-21 g\/day of omega-3 fatty acid supplements, even with the concurrent use of antiplatelet or antithrombotic medications\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 2013 systematic review of 10 randomized trials involving nearly 1000 adults 60 years or older concludes that there is \u003cstrong\u003eno difference in total adverse event rates\u003c\/strong\u003e between daily use of placebo or 0.03-1.86 g EPA and\/or DHA for 6-52 weeks\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 2014 review of 7 randomized controlled trials and 3 epidemiological studies concludes that omega-3 fatty acid treatment \u003cstrong\u003ehas no effect on the risk of clinically significant bleeding\u003c\/strong\u003e in either monotherapy or combination therapy settings and there is \u003cstrong\u003eno support for discontinuing the use of omega-3 fatty acid treatment before invasive procedures\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 2017 systematic review based on 32 publications on healthy subjects and 20 publications on patients undergoing surgery finds that fish oil supplements reduce platelet aggregation in healthy subjects and do not increase intra- or post-operative bleedings in patients, and concludes that \u003cstrong\u003ediscontinuation of fish oils supplements prior to surgery is not recommended\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003csup\u003e7\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite the accumulating evidence demonstrating the safety of fish oil, the worry seems to persist, especially when at risk patients are involved.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost recently, researchers from Danone Food Safety Centre (Palaiseau, France) and Nutricia Research (Utrecht, the Netherlands) evaluated the safety data from 8 clinical intervention studies involving over 600 patients, including oncology patients, HIV patients, ICU patients, and patients with Alzheimer’s disease.\u003csup\u003e8\u003c\/sup\u003e The levels of omega-3 fatty acids received by these patients (either via oral consumption or tube feeding) ranged from 1.5-10.2 g\/day with a duration of 8 days to 52 weeks. The outcomes included bleeding-related adverse events, prothrombin time, and partial thromboplastin time. In the end, the researchers found \u003cstrong\u003eno evidence of increased risk of bleeding with the use of omega-3 fatty acid products in these patients, with or without concomitant use of antithrombotic medications.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn summary, the legitimate concern of increased bleeding as a result of omega-3 fatty acid intake has not been supported by numerous randomized controlled trials and epidemiological studies involving a wide range or participants, from healthy young folks to surgical patients to very vulnerable older patients.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhy is this Clinically Relevant?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFish oil or EPA\/DHA products are associated with a variety of benefits, from cardiovascular health to cognitive function to anti-inflammation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe concern of increased risks of bleeding associated with these ingredients has not been validated by a large number of clinical studies and systemic reviews\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClinicians should inform patients of the safety of omega-3 fatty acids for the vast majority of the population, and there is no scientific evidence supporting the discontinuation of omega-3 products prior to surgery\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eReferences\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Bays HE. Safety considerations with omega-3 fatty acid therapy. \u003cem\u003eAm J Cardiol.\u003c\/em\u003e 2007;99(6A):35C-43C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Braga M, Ljungqvist O, Soeters P, et al. ESPEN Guidelines on Parenteral Nutrition: surgery. \u003cem\u003eClin Nutr\u003c\/em\u003e. 2009;28(4):378-386.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Hooper L, Thompson RL, Harrison RA, et al. Omega 3 fatty acids for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. \u003cem\u003eCochrane Database Syst\u003c\/em\u003e Rev. 2004(4):CD003177.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Harris WS. Expert opinion: omega-3 fatty acids and bleeding-cause for concern? \u003cem\u003eAm J Cardiol\u003c\/em\u003e. 2007;99(6A):44C-46C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Villani AM, Crotty M, Cleland LG, et al. Fish oil administration in older adults: is there potential for adverse events? A systematic review of the literature. \u003cem\u003eBMC Geriatr\u003c\/em\u003e. 2013;13:41.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Wachira JK, Larson MK, Harris WS. n-3 Fatty acids affect haemostasis but do not increase the risk of bleeding: clinical observations and mechanistic insights. \u003cem\u003eBr J Nutr\u003c\/em\u003e. 2014;111(9):1652-1662.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Begtrup KM, Krag AE, Hvas AM. No impact of fish oil supplements on bleeding risk: a systematic review. \u003cem\u003eDan Med J.\u003c\/em\u003e 2017;64(5).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Jeansen S, Witkamp RF, Garthoff JA, van Helvoort A, Calder PC. Fish oil LCPUFAs do not affect blood coagulation parameters and bleeding manifestations: Analysis of 8 clinical studies with selected patient groups on omega-3-enriched medical nutrition. \u003cem\u003eClin Nutr.\u003c\/em\u003e 2018;37(3):948-957.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003ePregnancy and Breastfeeding\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePregnancy and Breastfeeding: Metagenics MetaPure Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePregnancy\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile there is evidence to support the use of these ingredients during pregnancy and a review did not identify concerns for use, Practitioner discretion is advised.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eBreastfeeding\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppropriate for use.89\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eStorage\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eStorage: Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStore below 30° C. After opening store at 2°C to 8°C. (Refrigerate. Do not freeze.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c!-- \/TABS --\u003e","published_at":"2022-10-11T14:18:25+11:00","created_at":"2017-06-29T17:41:19+10:00","vendor":"Metagenics","type":"Metagenics Naturopathic Medicines","tags":["Anxiety","CardioMetabolic","Cardiovascular","Essential Fatty Acids","Fish Oil","Metagenics","Naturopathic","Omega-3","Pain and Inflammation","PB","Preconception","Pregnancy","Stress-Anxiety-Mood"],"price":6566,"price_min":6566,"price_max":6566,"available":true,"price_varies":false,"compare_at_price":7295,"compare_at_price_min":7295,"compare_at_price_max":7295,"compare_at_price_varies":false,"variants":[{"id":33461925451,"title":"Default Title","option1":"Default Title","option2":null,"option3":null,"sku":"MetaPureEPADHALiquid200ml","requires_shipping":true,"taxable":true,"featured_image":null,"available":true,"name":"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil Omega-3 200ml liquid Citrus Berry","public_title":null,"options":["Default Title"],"price":6566,"weight":360,"compare_at_price":7295,"inventory_quantity":9943,"inventory_management":"shopify","inventory_policy":"continue","barcode":"9315771009413","requires_selling_plan":false,"selling_plan_allocations":[]}],"images":["\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/MetagenicsMetaPureEPADHAOralLiquidCitrusBerry200mL-1.jpg?v=1593133045","\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/MetagenicsMetaPureEPADHAOralLiquidCitrusBerry200mL-2.jpg?v=1593133057","\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/MetagenicsMetaPureEPADHAOralLiquidCitrusBerry200mL-3.jpg?v=1593133068","\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/Metagenics_MetaPure_EPA-DHA_Citrus_Berry_200_mL_10_off_RRP_at_HealthMasters.jpg?v=1593133040"],"featured_image":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/MetagenicsMetaPureEPADHAOralLiquidCitrusBerry200mL-1.jpg?v=1593133045","options":["Title"],"media":[{"alt":"Metagenics MetaPure EPADHA Oral Liquid Citrus Berry 200 mL-1","id":9760900448414,"position":1,"preview_image":{"aspect_ratio":1.0,"height":2400,"width":2400,"src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/MetagenicsMetaPureEPADHAOralLiquidCitrusBerry200mL-1.jpg?v=1593133045"},"aspect_ratio":1.0,"height":2400,"media_type":"image","src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/MetagenicsMetaPureEPADHAOralLiquidCitrusBerry200mL-1.jpg?v=1593133045","width":2400},{"alt":"Metagenics MetaPure EPADHA Oral Liquid Citrus Berry 200 mL-2","id":9760900481182,"position":2,"preview_image":{"aspect_ratio":1.0,"height":2400,"width":2400,"src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/MetagenicsMetaPureEPADHAOralLiquidCitrusBerry200mL-2.jpg?v=1593133057"},"aspect_ratio":1.0,"height":2400,"media_type":"image","src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/MetagenicsMetaPureEPADHAOralLiquidCitrusBerry200mL-2.jpg?v=1593133057","width":2400},{"alt":"Metagenics MetaPure EPADHA Oral Liquid Citrus Berry 200 mL-3","id":9760900513950,"position":3,"preview_image":{"aspect_ratio":1.0,"height":2400,"width":2400,"src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/MetagenicsMetaPureEPADHAOralLiquidCitrusBerry200mL-3.jpg?v=1593133068"},"aspect_ratio":1.0,"height":2400,"media_type":"image","src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/MetagenicsMetaPureEPADHAOralLiquidCitrusBerry200mL-3.jpg?v=1593133068","width":2400},{"alt":"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil Omega-3 Citrus Berry 200ml 10% off RRP | HealthMasters","id":2550063333435,"position":4,"preview_image":{"aspect_ratio":1.0,"height":500,"width":500,"src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/Metagenics_MetaPure_EPA-DHA_Citrus_Berry_200_mL_10_off_RRP_at_HealthMasters.jpg?v=1593133040"},"aspect_ratio":1.0,"height":500,"media_type":"image","src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/Metagenics_MetaPure_EPA-DHA_Citrus_Berry_200_mL_10_off_RRP_at_HealthMasters.jpg?v=1593133040","width":500}],"requires_selling_plan":false,"selling_plan_groups":[],"content":"\u003ch3\u003e\u003cem\u003eOmega-3 From Fish Oil Highly Purified And Concentrated\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil Omega-3 200ml liquid Citrus Berry\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn healthy people, MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil has been shown to or may:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh strength, purified fish oil for omega-3.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTemporarily relieve the pain and inflammation from mild arthritis and improve mood and cognition.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaintain healthy triglyceride levels and cardiovascular function.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEasy, once a day prescribing and pleasant Citrus Berry flavour for improved compliance.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil Size: 200 mL oral liquid (47 days)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil is free from corn, dairy protein, lactose, eggs, gluten, wheat, nuts, yeast, soy protein, starches and salt. Free from artificial colours, flavours and preservatives.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso available:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/products\/metagenics-metapure-epa-dha-liquid-100ml?_pos=7\u0026amp;_sid=62e1b614a\u0026amp;_ss=r\" title=\"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 100ml Fish Oil 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\"\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 100 ml,\u003c\/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/products\/metagenics-metapure-epa-dha-liquid-500ml?_pos=9\u0026amp;_sid=62e1b614a\u0026amp;_ss=r\" title=\"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 500ml Fish Oil 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\"\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 500 ml,\u003c\/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/products\/metagenics-metapure-epa-dha-60-caps?_pos=6\u0026amp;_sid=62e1b614a\u0026amp;_ss=r\" title=\"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 60 caps Fish Oil 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\"\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 60 caps,\u003c\/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/products\/metagenics-metapure-epa-dha-120-caps?_pos=4\u0026amp;_sid=62e1b614a\u0026amp;_ss=r\" title=\"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 120 caps Fish Oil 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\"\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 120 caps,\u003c\/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/products\/metagenics-metapure-epa-dha-240-caps?_pos=5\u0026amp;_sid=62e1b614a\u0026amp;_ss=r\" title=\"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 240 caps Fish Oil 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\"\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA 240 caps.\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore Information \u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003ca title=\"Metagenics Allergy \u0026amp; Reactivity Reduction Program 10% off RRP | HealthMasters Metagenics\" href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/collections\/metagenics-allergy-reactivity-reduction-program\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMetagenics Allergy \u0026amp; Reactivity Reduction Program\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c!-- TABS --\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eProduct Video\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eProduct Video: Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cstyle\u003e\u003c!--\n.embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }\n--\u003e\u003c\/style\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"embed-container\"\u003e\u003ciframe src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/266627135\" frameborder=\"0\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/iframe\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eDirections\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDirections: Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTake 4.2 mL daily with meals daily.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eUntil \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/products\/healthmasters-omega-3-test\" title=\"Omega-3 Index Test 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\"\u003eOmega-3 Index Test\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan\u003e is 8-12% then 1\/2 dose.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetaPure EPA\/DHA Capsules may be considered to assist with the maintenance of cardiovascular health.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eBenefits\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eClinical Benefits: Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eA meta-analysis of 17 randomised, controlled trials assessed the effectiveness of EPA and DHA in relieving joint pain and inflammation:\u003c\/strong\u003e The results reported a significant reduction in joint pain intensity, joint swelling, morning stiffness and the number of painful and\/or tender joints at a dose of 2.7 grams per day.\u003csup\u003e1\u003c\/sup\u003e EPA and DHA exert anti-inflammatory and pain relieving actions via the following mechanisms: - Suppression of COX-2 expression and the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1 alpha and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.5 - Inhibition of Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and reduced serum C-reactive protein levels shown in in vitro and clinical trials.\u003csup\u003e6,7,8\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e6 grams of EPA and DHA has been shown, in a randomised, placebo controlled study of 138 healthy males, to assist in the maintenance of triglycerides within the normal range.\u003c\/strong\u003e The study reported a significant difference in triglyceride levels by 32% in the group taking 2.6 g of EPA and DHA. The study indicated that there was a direct correlation between increased dosage and improved results.\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eA randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial measured the mood and cognitive effects of fish oil:\u003c\/strong\u003e After 35 days, 2.4 grams of EPA and DHA was associated with an improvement in brain functions associated with attention, particularly those involving the cortical processing. There was also a significant improvement in mood states including anger, anxiety, fatigue and confusion.\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHigh quality, purified fish oil: Metagenics Fish Oils are sourced from small, cold water fish using eco-fishing practices.\u003c\/strong\u003e The fish oil is molecularly distilled to ensure purity, stability and compliance with low levels of contaminants. In accordance with our leading stance on quality and purity, we have ensured that the fish oil concentrates are well below the Australian allowable levels of heavy metals, pesticides and solvents.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Omega-3 Fish Oil Citrus Berry flavour 10% off RRP | HealthMasters\" src=\"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2075\/8503\/files\/Metagenics_MetaPure_EPA-DHA_ddbc162a-82f5-4709-887c-a608e60c4dec_1024x1024.jpg?v=1564022107\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eIngredients\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIngredients: Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEach 4.2mL dose contains:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eConcentrated Omega-3 triglycerides-fish\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e4.0g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEquivalent Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2.0g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEquivalent Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e800mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil is free from corn, dairy protein, lactose, eggs, gluten, wheat, nuts, yeast, soy protein, starches and salt. Free from artificial colours, flavours and preservatives.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eWarnings\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eWarnings: Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot all cautions and contraindications are listed. For full details, references or more information contact HealthMasters in Australia by email: reception@healthmasters.com.au.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlways read the label. Use only as directed. If symptoms persist consult your healthcare professional.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eCautions and Contraindications\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCautions and Contraindications: Metagenics MetaPure Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eContraindications\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNone of note.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eModerate Level Cautions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAnticoagulant\/antiplatelet drugs\u003c\/strong\u003e: Clinical trials have shown high-dose fish oil omega-3 fatty acid consumption to be safe, even when concurrently administered with other agents that may increase bleeding (i.e. antiplatelet or antithrombotic medications such as aspirin and warfarin). The clinical trial evidence suggests that if such an increased bleeding risk exists, the risk is very small and not of clinical significance. For example, 6.8 g of EPA\/DHA daily for 6 months showed no adverse effects. However, it is reasonable to monitor patients treated with fish oils and anticoagulants for international normalised ratio (INR) as well as potential adverse bleeding experiences.\u003csup\u003e83,84\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBleeding disorders\u003c\/strong\u003e: Due to the anticoagulant properties of fish oils, there have been safety concerns in regards to the risk of increased bleeding tendency and postoperative bleeding. Although this theoretical possibility is not reflected functionally in human studies, it would still warrant caution in situations which carry a high risk of bleeding such as haemorrhagic stroke and postoperative events. To minimise the risk of exacerbation of these bleeding events it is recommended to discontinue use of fish oils during acute bleeding episodes, such as during and immediately after a haemorrhagic stroke, or in patients who are at high risk for haemorrhagic stroke.\u003csup\u003e85,86\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSurgery\u003c\/strong\u003e: Due to the anticoagulant properties of fish oils, there have been safety concerns in regards to the risk of increased bleeding tendency and postoperative bleeding. Although this theoretical possibility is not reflected functionally in human studies, it would still warrant caution in situations which carry a high risk of bleeding such as haemorrhagic stroke and postoperative events. To minimise the risk of exacerbation of these bleeding events it is recommended to discontinue use of fish oils 4-7 days before elective procedures which have a high risk for bleeding complications. However, consider fish oil supplementation postoperatively if there are no bleeding complications, given that supplementation may reduce the risk of thrombotic and cardiovascular events which could occur following major surgery.\u003csup\u003e87,88\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eReferences\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e82 Fish Oil. In: Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database [database on the Internet]. Stockton (CA): Therapeutic Research Faculty; 1995-2008 [cited 2017 Feb 21]. Available from: http:\/\/www.naturaldatabase.com. subscription required to view.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e83 Bays HE. Safety considerations with omega-3 fatty acid therapy. Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(6 Suppl 1):35C-43C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e84 Harris WS. Expert opinion: omega-3 fatty acids and bleeding – cause for concern? Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(6 Suppl 1):44C-46C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e85 Bays HE. Safety considerations with omega-3 fatty acid therapy. Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(6 Suppl 1):35C-43C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e86 Harris WS. Expert opinion: omega-3 fatty acids and bleeding – cause for concern? Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(6 Suppl 1):44C-46C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e87 Bays HE. Safety considerations with omega-3 fatty acid therapy. Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(6 Suppl 1):35C-43C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e88 Harris WS. Expert opinion: omega-3 fatty acids and bleeding – cause for concern? Am J Cardiol 2007;99(6 Suppl 1):44C-46C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e89 Fish Oil. In: Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database [database on the Internet]. Stockton (CA): Therapeutic Research Faculty; 1995-2008 [cited 2017 Feb 21]. Available from: http:\/\/www.naturaldatabase.com. subscription required to view.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLow Level Cautions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNone of note.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFish Oil Consumption Does Not Increase Bleeding Risk\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eby Lewis Chang, PhD\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFish oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. Increased intake of EPA and DHA is beneficial for cardiovascular health, cognitive function, mental health, maternal and child health, immunity and inflammation. EPA and DHA supplements are becoming more and more popular across a wide diversity of people; from healthy individuals to vulnerable populations with impaired health.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigher omega-3 concentrations may compete with fatty acids such as arachidonic acid for metabolizing enzymes. The interaction results in a decreased production of compounds that induce platelet aggregation and an increased production of compounds with anti-platelet properties, hence the anticoagulation benefits of omega-3. However, for patients who are under antithrombotic therapy (either with platelet aggregation inhibitors such as aspirin or anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin), the potential risk of bleeding due to the concurrent use of omega-3 fatty acids has been a concern by many clinicians, particularly surgeons.\u003csup\u003e1,2\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMultiple clinical studies have been conducted to investigate whether omega-3 fatty acids pose a clinically significant bleeding risk. So far, the findings have been consistent:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 2004 Cochrane review of 48 randomized controlled trials and 41 epidemiological analyses concludes that 0.4-7 g\/day omega-3 fatty acids \u003cstrong\u003edo not result in any change in clinical bleeding manifestations\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 2007 review of 19 clinical studies involving nearly 4400 surgical patients concludes that the \u003cstrong\u003erisk for clinically significant bleeding was virtually nonexistent\u003c\/strong\u003e with the use of 1.4-21 g\/day of omega-3 fatty acid supplements, even with the concurrent use of antiplatelet or antithrombotic medications\u003csup\u003e4\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 2013 systematic review of 10 randomized trials involving nearly 1000 adults 60 years or older concludes that there is \u003cstrong\u003eno difference in total adverse event rates\u003c\/strong\u003e between daily use of placebo or 0.03-1.86 g EPA and\/or DHA for 6-52 weeks\u003csup\u003e5\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 2014 review of 7 randomized controlled trials and 3 epidemiological studies concludes that omega-3 fatty acid treatment \u003cstrong\u003ehas no effect on the risk of clinically significant bleeding\u003c\/strong\u003e in either monotherapy or combination therapy settings and there is \u003cstrong\u003eno support for discontinuing the use of omega-3 fatty acid treatment before invasive procedures\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003csup\u003e6\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 2017 systematic review based on 32 publications on healthy subjects and 20 publications on patients undergoing surgery finds that fish oil supplements reduce platelet aggregation in healthy subjects and do not increase intra- or post-operative bleedings in patients, and concludes that \u003cstrong\u003ediscontinuation of fish oils supplements prior to surgery is not recommended\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003csup\u003e7\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite the accumulating evidence demonstrating the safety of fish oil, the worry seems to persist, especially when at risk patients are involved.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost recently, researchers from Danone Food Safety Centre (Palaiseau, France) and Nutricia Research (Utrecht, the Netherlands) evaluated the safety data from 8 clinical intervention studies involving over 600 patients, including oncology patients, HIV patients, ICU patients, and patients with Alzheimer’s disease.\u003csup\u003e8\u003c\/sup\u003e The levels of omega-3 fatty acids received by these patients (either via oral consumption or tube feeding) ranged from 1.5-10.2 g\/day with a duration of 8 days to 52 weeks. The outcomes included bleeding-related adverse events, prothrombin time, and partial thromboplastin time. In the end, the researchers found \u003cstrong\u003eno evidence of increased risk of bleeding with the use of omega-3 fatty acid products in these patients, with or without concomitant use of antithrombotic medications.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn summary, the legitimate concern of increased bleeding as a result of omega-3 fatty acid intake has not been supported by numerous randomized controlled trials and epidemiological studies involving a wide range or participants, from healthy young folks to surgical patients to very vulnerable older patients.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhy is this Clinically Relevant?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFish oil or EPA\/DHA products are associated with a variety of benefits, from cardiovascular health to cognitive function to anti-inflammation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe concern of increased risks of bleeding associated with these ingredients has not been validated by a large number of clinical studies and systemic reviews\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClinicians should inform patients of the safety of omega-3 fatty acids for the vast majority of the population, and there is no scientific evidence supporting the discontinuation of omega-3 products prior to surgery\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eReferences\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Bays HE. Safety considerations with omega-3 fatty acid therapy. \u003cem\u003eAm J Cardiol.\u003c\/em\u003e 2007;99(6A):35C-43C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Braga M, Ljungqvist O, Soeters P, et al. ESPEN Guidelines on Parenteral Nutrition: surgery. \u003cem\u003eClin Nutr\u003c\/em\u003e. 2009;28(4):378-386.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Hooper L, Thompson RL, Harrison RA, et al. Omega 3 fatty acids for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. \u003cem\u003eCochrane Database Syst\u003c\/em\u003e Rev. 2004(4):CD003177.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Harris WS. Expert opinion: omega-3 fatty acids and bleeding-cause for concern? \u003cem\u003eAm J Cardiol\u003c\/em\u003e. 2007;99(6A):44C-46C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Villani AM, Crotty M, Cleland LG, et al. Fish oil administration in older adults: is there potential for adverse events? A systematic review of the literature. \u003cem\u003eBMC Geriatr\u003c\/em\u003e. 2013;13:41.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Wachira JK, Larson MK, Harris WS. n-3 Fatty acids affect haemostasis but do not increase the risk of bleeding: clinical observations and mechanistic insights. \u003cem\u003eBr J Nutr\u003c\/em\u003e. 2014;111(9):1652-1662.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Begtrup KM, Krag AE, Hvas AM. No impact of fish oil supplements on bleeding risk: a systematic review. \u003cem\u003eDan Med J.\u003c\/em\u003e 2017;64(5).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Jeansen S, Witkamp RF, Garthoff JA, van Helvoort A, Calder PC. Fish oil LCPUFAs do not affect blood coagulation parameters and bleeding manifestations: Analysis of 8 clinical studies with selected patient groups on omega-3-enriched medical nutrition. \u003cem\u003eClin Nutr.\u003c\/em\u003e 2018;37(3):948-957.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003ePregnancy and Breastfeeding\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePregnancy and Breastfeeding: Metagenics MetaPure Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePregnancy\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile there is evidence to support the use of these ingredients during pregnancy and a review did not identify concerns for use, Practitioner discretion is advised.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eBreastfeeding\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppropriate for use.89\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eStorage\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eStorage: Metagenics MetaPure EPA\/DHA Fish Oil\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStore below 30° C. After opening store at 2°C to 8°C. (Refrigerate. Do not freeze.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c!-- \/TABS --\u003e"}