{"id":7876696342758,"title":"Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids","handle":"activated-probiotics-biome-daily-kids","description":"\u003ch2 style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eActivated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cem\u003eTo help reduce the occurrence and duration of common colds\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePack Size: 30 sachets vanilla flavoured oral powder\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eActivated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids Summary:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHelps reduce the occurrence and duration of colds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClinically trialled probiotic strains\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMicrobac technology: 5x more effective delivery\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGuaranteed potency\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eActivated Probiotics formulate premium probiotic products backed by cutting-edge scientific research on the human gut microbiome. Using targeted bacterial strains at doses supported by clinical trials, Activated Probiotics seek to provide tangible improvements in health and wellbeing with a new generation of evidence-based probiotics.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eActivated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids AUST L 317898\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c!-- TABS --\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eIndications\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIndications: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHelps enhance immune system function\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHelps reduce the occurrence and duration of common colds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports good gut bacteria during antibiotic use\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eDirections For Use\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDirections For Use: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChildren over 2 years:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTake one sachet daily, or as directed by a healthcare practitioner.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdd to water or milk, or mix with yoghurt.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot to be used in children under 2 years of age without medical advice.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf symptoms persist, talk to your health professional.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eFormulation\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFormulation: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEach 1.6g sachet contains\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eLactobacillus plantarum 6595 (DSM 6595)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3 BLB*\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eLactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2 BLB*\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BS01 (LMG P-21384)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2 BLB*\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eLactobacillus casei LC03 (DSM 27537)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1 BLB*\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBifidobacterium breve BR03 (DSM 16604)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2 BLB*\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e*BLB = Billion Live Bacteria\"No Refrigeration Required\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eNo Added\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNo Added: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGMOs, wheat, gluten, dairy, lactose, fructose, sugar, yeast, nuts, seeds, peanut, soy, egg, fish, shellfish, or animal derivatives.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo artificial sweeteners, colours, flavours, or preservatives.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eContains polyols and natural vanilla flavour.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eStorage Conditions\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eStorage Conditions: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFridge Free\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eTechnical Information\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eTechnical Information: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"Activated Probiotics Biome Kids Daily Probiotic 10% off RRP at HealthMasters Activated Probiotics Figute 1\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2075\/8503\/files\/Activated_Probiotics_Biome_Kids_Daily_Probiotic_10_off_RRP_at_HealthMasters_Activated_Probiotics_1024x1024.png?v=1657849297\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProbiotics help to support children’s general health and wellbeing in a number of ways, including keeping their digestive system healthy, and enhancing the function of the immune system1\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eANTIBIOTIC USE IN CHILDREN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAntibiotics are the most widely prescribed class of medication for Australian children2. In order to target a number of different pathogens, most antibiotics have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. An unintended consequence of this is that related members of the gut microbiome are often adversely affected3. Numerous studies have demonstrated that antibiotics can significantly reduce microbial abundance and diversity4,5 and induce a state of microbial imbalance, known as intestinal dysbiosis6. Intestinal dysbiosis results in the loss of the ability of the gut microbiota to ward off pathogens, which increases susceptibility to infections7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eANTIBIOTIC-ASSOCIATED DIARRHOEA\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA common side effect of antibiotics is antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), which affects around 11% of children in an outpatient setting8, and can begin any time from initiation of antibiotic therapy until up to two months after the course is finished9. A recent position paper published by a working group of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) found that probiotic supplements are generally effective in reducing the risk of AAD by 52% (RR 0.48; 95% CI 0.37-0.61), with the strongest evidence being for the use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG10.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAcute respiratory tract infections (RTIs) - such as the common cold and acute tonsillitis - are particularly prevalent among young children, especially when they attend childcare centres11. These illnesses present a significant economic burden, causing parental absenteeism from work, visits to GPs and emergency departments, and antibiotic prescriptions, which are ineffective if the infection is viral12. The probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of UTRIs in children by 38% (RR 0.62, 95% CI 0.50-0.78) compared to placebo13, and significantly reduce their duration12.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRECURRENT ABDOMINAL PAIN IN CHILDREN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecurrent abdominal pain is an umbrella term to describe a number of functional gastrointestinal disorders, including Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia, functional abdominal pain, and abdominal migraine. Recurrent abdominal pain is a common problem managed in general practice, affecting between 4% and 25% of schoolaged children14. A recent systematic review found that children treated with probiotics were more likely to experience improvement in their pain (0-3 months) than those who received placebo (odds ratio 1.63, 95% CI 1.07-2.47; 722 children)14.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eReferences\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReferences: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHojsak I. Probiotics in Children: What Is the Evidence? Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr. 2017 Sep;20(3):139–46.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGadzhanova S, Roughead E. Prescribed antibiotic use in Australian children aged 0–12 years. Aust Fam Physician. 2016;45(3):5.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWilling BP, Russell SL, Finlay BB. Shifting the balance: antibiotic effects on host–microbiota mutualism. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011 Apr;9(4):233–43.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClemente JC, Ursell LK, Parfrey LW, Knight R. The Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Human Health: An Integrative View. Cell. 2012 Mar 16;148(6):1258–70.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAntonopoulos DA, Huse SM, Morrison HG, Schmidt TM, Sogin ML, Young VB. Reproducible community dynamics of the gastrointestinal microbiota following antibiotic perturbation. Infect Immun. 2009 Jun;77(6):2367–75.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeiss GA, Hennet T. Mechanisms and consequences of intestinal dysbiosis. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2017 Aug 1;74(16):2959–77.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLangdon A, Crook N, Dantas G. The effects of antibiotics on the microbiome throughout development and alternative approaches for therapeutic modulation. Genome Med [Internet]. 2016 Apr 13 [cited 2019 Jun 13];8. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4831151\/\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTurck D, Bernet J-P, Marx J, Kempf H, Giard P, Walbaum O, et al. Incidence and risk factors of oral antibiotic-associated diarrhea in an outpatient pediatric population. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Jul;37(1):22–6.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcFarland LV. Epidemiology, risk factors and treatments for antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Dig Dis Basel Switz. 1998 Oct;16(5):292–307.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSzajewska H, Canani RB, Guarino A, Hojsak I, Indrio F, Kolacek S, et al. Probiotics for the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2016 Mar;62(3):495–506.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBiezen R, Pollack AJ, Harrison C, Brijnath B, Grando D, Britt HC, et al. Respiratory tract infections among children younger than 5 years: current management in Australian general practice. Med J Aust. 2015 Mar 16;202(5):262–5.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaursen RP, Hojsak I. Probiotics for respiratory tract infections in children attending day care centers—a systematic review. Eur J Pediatr. 2018 Jul;177(7):979–94.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLiu S, Hu P, Du X, Zhou T, Pei X. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supplementation for preventing respiratory infections in children: a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Indian Pediatr. 2013 Apr;50(4):377–81.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNewlove-Delgado TV, Martin AE, Abbott RA, Bethel A, Thompson-Coon J, Whear R, et al. Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain in childhood. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. 2017 Mar 23 [cited 2019 Aug 29];2017(3). Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6464236\/\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c!-- \/TABS --\u003e","published_at":"2022-10-11T13:58:48+11:00","created_at":"2022-07-14T17:08:43+10:00","vendor":"Activated Probiotics","type":"Activated Probiotics Naturopathic Medicine","tags":["Activated Probiotics","Naturopathic","PB","Refrigeration Not Required"],"price":3146,"price_min":3146,"price_max":3146,"available":true,"price_varies":false,"compare_at_price":3495,"compare_at_price_min":3495,"compare_at_price_max":3495,"compare_at_price_varies":false,"variants":[{"id":43118745256166,"title":"30 x 1.6 g Sachets","option1":"30 x 1.6 g Sachets","option2":null,"option3":null,"sku":"AcPBiomeDailyKids60Sch","requires_shipping":true,"taxable":true,"featured_image":{"id":37958438060262,"product_id":7876696342758,"position":1,"created_at":"2022-07-14T17:23:44+10:00","updated_at":"2022-07-14T17:23:46+10:00","alt":"Activated Probiotics Biome Kids Daily Probiotic Sachets 10% off RRP at HealthMasters Activated Probiotics","width":1200,"height":1200,"src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/ActivatedProbioticsBiomeKidsDailyProbioticSachets10_offRRPatHealthMastersActivatedProbiotics.jpg?v=1657783426","variant_ids":[43118745256166]},"available":true,"name":"Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids - 30 x 1.6 g Sachets","public_title":"30 x 1.6 g Sachets","options":["30 x 1.6 g Sachets"],"price":3146,"weight":60,"compare_at_price":3495,"inventory_quantity":19933,"inventory_management":"shopify","inventory_policy":"deny","barcode":"9349308001571","featured_media":{"alt":"Activated Probiotics Biome Kids Daily Probiotic Sachets 10% off RRP at HealthMasters Activated Probiotics","id":30531294167270,"position":1,"preview_image":{"aspect_ratio":1.0,"height":1200,"width":1200,"src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/ActivatedProbioticsBiomeKidsDailyProbioticSachets10_offRRPatHealthMastersActivatedProbiotics.jpg?v=1657783426"}},"requires_selling_plan":false,"selling_plan_allocations":[]}],"images":["\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/ActivatedProbioticsBiomeKidsDailyProbioticSachets10_offRRPatHealthMastersActivatedProbiotics.jpg?v=1657783426","\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/ActivatedProbiotics10_offRRPatHealthMastersActivatedProbiotics_9d3ba295-440c-4522-9a77-7d22f99d2cc2.png?v=1657783426"],"featured_image":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/ActivatedProbioticsBiomeKidsDailyProbioticSachets10_offRRPatHealthMastersActivatedProbiotics.jpg?v=1657783426","options":["Size:"],"media":[{"alt":"Activated Probiotics Biome Kids Daily Probiotic Sachets 10% off RRP at HealthMasters Activated Probiotics","id":30531294167270,"position":1,"preview_image":{"aspect_ratio":1.0,"height":1200,"width":1200,"src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/ActivatedProbioticsBiomeKidsDailyProbioticSachets10_offRRPatHealthMastersActivatedProbiotics.jpg?v=1657783426"},"aspect_ratio":1.0,"height":1200,"media_type":"image","src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/ActivatedProbioticsBiomeKidsDailyProbioticSachets10_offRRPatHealthMastersActivatedProbiotics.jpg?v=1657783426","width":1200},{"alt":"Activated Probiotics Biome Kids Daily Probiotic Sachets 10% off RRP at HealthMasters Activated ProbioticsLogo","id":30531217326310,"position":2,"preview_image":{"aspect_ratio":0.747,"height":300,"width":224,"src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/ActivatedProbiotics10_offRRPatHealthMastersActivatedProbiotics_9d3ba295-440c-4522-9a77-7d22f99d2cc2.png?v=1657783426"},"aspect_ratio":0.747,"height":300,"media_type":"image","src":"\/\/shop.healthmasters.com.au\/cdn\/shop\/products\/ActivatedProbiotics10_offRRPatHealthMastersActivatedProbiotics_9d3ba295-440c-4522-9a77-7d22f99d2cc2.png?v=1657783426","width":224}],"requires_selling_plan":false,"selling_plan_groups":[],"content":"\u003ch2 style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eActivated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cem\u003eTo help reduce the occurrence and duration of common colds\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePack Size: 30 sachets vanilla flavoured oral powder\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eActivated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids Summary:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHelps reduce the occurrence and duration of colds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClinically trialled probiotic strains\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMicrobac technology: 5x more effective delivery\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGuaranteed potency\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eActivated Probiotics formulate premium probiotic products backed by cutting-edge scientific research on the human gut microbiome. Using targeted bacterial strains at doses supported by clinical trials, Activated Probiotics seek to provide tangible improvements in health and wellbeing with a new generation of evidence-based probiotics.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eActivated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids AUST L 317898\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c!-- TABS --\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eIndications\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIndications: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHelps enhance immune system function\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHelps reduce the occurrence and duration of common colds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports good gut bacteria during antibiotic use\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eDirections For Use\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDirections For Use: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChildren over 2 years:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTake one sachet daily, or as directed by a healthcare practitioner.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdd to water or milk, or mix with yoghurt.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot to be used in children under 2 years of age without medical advice.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf symptoms persist, talk to your health professional.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eFormulation\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFormulation: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEach 1.6g sachet contains\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eLactobacillus plantarum 6595 (DSM 6595)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3 BLB*\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eLactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2 BLB*\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BS01 (LMG P-21384)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2 BLB*\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eLactobacillus casei LC03 (DSM 27537)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1 BLB*\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBifidobacterium breve BR03 (DSM 16604)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2 BLB*\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e*BLB = Billion Live Bacteria\"No Refrigeration Required\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eNo Added\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNo Added: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGMOs, wheat, gluten, dairy, lactose, fructose, sugar, yeast, nuts, seeds, peanut, soy, egg, fish, shellfish, or animal derivatives.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo artificial sweeteners, colours, flavours, or preservatives.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eContains polyols and natural vanilla flavour.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eStorage Conditions\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eStorage Conditions: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFridge Free\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eTechnical Information\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eTechnical Information: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"Activated Probiotics Biome Kids Daily Probiotic 10% off RRP at HealthMasters Activated Probiotics Figute 1\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2075\/8503\/files\/Activated_Probiotics_Biome_Kids_Daily_Probiotic_10_off_RRP_at_HealthMasters_Activated_Probiotics_1024x1024.png?v=1657849297\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProbiotics help to support children’s general health and wellbeing in a number of ways, including keeping their digestive system healthy, and enhancing the function of the immune system1\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eANTIBIOTIC USE IN CHILDREN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAntibiotics are the most widely prescribed class of medication for Australian children2. In order to target a number of different pathogens, most antibiotics have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. An unintended consequence of this is that related members of the gut microbiome are often adversely affected3. Numerous studies have demonstrated that antibiotics can significantly reduce microbial abundance and diversity4,5 and induce a state of microbial imbalance, known as intestinal dysbiosis6. Intestinal dysbiosis results in the loss of the ability of the gut microbiota to ward off pathogens, which increases susceptibility to infections7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eANTIBIOTIC-ASSOCIATED DIARRHOEA\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA common side effect of antibiotics is antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), which affects around 11% of children in an outpatient setting8, and can begin any time from initiation of antibiotic therapy until up to two months after the course is finished9. A recent position paper published by a working group of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) found that probiotic supplements are generally effective in reducing the risk of AAD by 52% (RR 0.48; 95% CI 0.37-0.61), with the strongest evidence being for the use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG10.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAcute respiratory tract infections (RTIs) - such as the common cold and acute tonsillitis - are particularly prevalent among young children, especially when they attend childcare centres11. These illnesses present a significant economic burden, causing parental absenteeism from work, visits to GPs and emergency departments, and antibiotic prescriptions, which are ineffective if the infection is viral12. The probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of UTRIs in children by 38% (RR 0.62, 95% CI 0.50-0.78) compared to placebo13, and significantly reduce their duration12.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRECURRENT ABDOMINAL PAIN IN CHILDREN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecurrent abdominal pain is an umbrella term to describe a number of functional gastrointestinal disorders, including Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia, functional abdominal pain, and abdominal migraine. Recurrent abdominal pain is a common problem managed in general practice, affecting between 4% and 25% of schoolaged children14. A recent systematic review found that children treated with probiotics were more likely to experience improvement in their pain (0-3 months) than those who received placebo (odds ratio 1.63, 95% CI 1.07-2.47; 722 children)14.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eReferences\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReferences: Activated Probiotics Biome Daily Kids\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHojsak I. Probiotics in Children: What Is the Evidence? Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr. 2017 Sep;20(3):139–46.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGadzhanova S, Roughead E. Prescribed antibiotic use in Australian children aged 0–12 years. Aust Fam Physician. 2016;45(3):5.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWilling BP, Russell SL, Finlay BB. Shifting the balance: antibiotic effects on host–microbiota mutualism. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011 Apr;9(4):233–43.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClemente JC, Ursell LK, Parfrey LW, Knight R. The Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Human Health: An Integrative View. Cell. 2012 Mar 16;148(6):1258–70.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAntonopoulos DA, Huse SM, Morrison HG, Schmidt TM, Sogin ML, Young VB. Reproducible community dynamics of the gastrointestinal microbiota following antibiotic perturbation. Infect Immun. 2009 Jun;77(6):2367–75.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeiss GA, Hennet T. Mechanisms and consequences of intestinal dysbiosis. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2017 Aug 1;74(16):2959–77.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLangdon A, Crook N, Dantas G. The effects of antibiotics on the microbiome throughout development and alternative approaches for therapeutic modulation. Genome Med [Internet]. 2016 Apr 13 [cited 2019 Jun 13];8. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4831151\/\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTurck D, Bernet J-P, Marx J, Kempf H, Giard P, Walbaum O, et al. Incidence and risk factors of oral antibiotic-associated diarrhea in an outpatient pediatric population. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Jul;37(1):22–6.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcFarland LV. Epidemiology, risk factors and treatments for antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Dig Dis Basel Switz. 1998 Oct;16(5):292–307.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSzajewska H, Canani RB, Guarino A, Hojsak I, Indrio F, Kolacek S, et al. Probiotics for the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2016 Mar;62(3):495–506.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBiezen R, Pollack AJ, Harrison C, Brijnath B, Grando D, Britt HC, et al. Respiratory tract infections among children younger than 5 years: current management in Australian general practice. Med J Aust. 2015 Mar 16;202(5):262–5.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaursen RP, Hojsak I. Probiotics for respiratory tract infections in children attending day care centers—a systematic review. Eur J Pediatr. 2018 Jul;177(7):979–94.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLiu S, Hu P, Du X, Zhou T, Pei X. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supplementation for preventing respiratory infections in children: a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Indian Pediatr. 2013 Apr;50(4):377–81.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNewlove-Delgado TV, Martin AE, Abbott RA, Bethel A, Thompson-Coon J, Whear R, et al. Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain in childhood. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. 2017 Mar 23 [cited 2019 Aug 29];2017(3). Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6464236\/\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c!-- \/TABS --\u003e"}